Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV), commonly known as bloat, is a life-threatening condition that affects dogs, particularly large and deep-chested breeds. This emergency situation requires immediate veterinary attention, as it can quickly become fatal if left untreated. At Pinehurst Veterinary Hospital and Surgical Center, we prioritize educating pet owners about GDV, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options to help save lives.

What Is Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV)?

GDV occurs when a dog's stomach fills with gas, fluid, or food and then twists upon itself. The twisting cuts off blood flow to the stomach and other vital organs, leading to rapid deterioration and potential death if not treated immediately. The exact cause of GDV remains unknown, but certain risk factors contribute to its development.

Risk Factors for GDV

While GDV can affect any dog, some breeds and conditions make certain dogs more susceptible:

• Large and giant breeds: Great Danes, German Shepherds, Boxers, Standard Poodles, and Weimaraners are at higher risk.
• Deep-chested breeds: Dogs with a narrow, deep chest structure are more likely to experience GDV.
• Eating habits: Dogs that eat quickly, consume one large meal a day, or exercise immediately after eating are at increased risk.
• Genetics: A history of GDV in a dog’s lineage can predispose them to the condition.
• Age: Older dogs have a greater likelihood of developing GDV.
• Stress and anxiety: High-stress levels can contribute to GDV episodes.

Symptoms of GDV

Recognizing the signs of GDV early can mean the difference between life and death. If your dog exhibits any of the following symptoms, seek veterinary care immediately:

• Enlarged or swollen abdomen
• Unsuccessful attempts to vomit (retching without producing anything)
• Excessive drooling
• Pacing and restlessness
• Rapid or labored breathing
• Collapse or weakness
• Pale gums
• Increased heart rate

Diagnosis and Treatment

At Pinehurst Veterinary Hospital and Surgical Center, we use a combination of physical exams, X-rays, and blood tests to confirm GDV. Once diagnosed, immediate emergency treatment is necessary, which typically includes:

• Stabilization: IV fluids, oxygen therapy, and medications to control pain and shock.
• Stomach decompression: A tube or needle is inserted to relieve gas pressure.
• Emergency surgery: The stomach is repositioned, and a gastropexy procedure is often performed to prevent recurrence.
• Post-surgical care: Intensive monitoring, pain management, and gradual reintroduction of food and water.

Preventing GDV

While GDV can be unpredictable, certain preventive measures can reduce the risk:

• Feeding multiple smaller meals per day rather than one large meal.
• Using slow-feeder bowls to prevent rapid eating.
• Avoiding vigorous exercise immediately before or after meals.
• Providing a calm, stress-free environment during feeding times.
• Considering a prophylactic gastropexy: This surgical procedure, which tacks the stomach in place, is highly recommended for at-risk breeds and can be performed during spaying or neutering.

When to Seek Veterinary Help

If you suspect your dog is experiencing GDV, do not wait—seek emergency veterinary care immediately. Time is critical, and the sooner your dog receives treatment, the better the chances of survival.

At Pinehurst Veterinary Hospital and Surgical Center, our experienced veterinary team is equipped to handle emergency situations like GDV. If you have any concerns about your dog’s risk or need to discuss preventive gastropexy surgery, contact us today. Your dog’s health and safety are our top priorities.

Call us now to schedule an appointment or for emergency assistance.